The Things They Carried by Tim Obrien Dialectic Journal

The Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien 1 | Among the necessities or near-necessities were P-38 can openers, pocket knives, heat tabs, wristwatches, dog tags, mosquito repellent, chewing gum, candy, cigarettes, salt tablets, packets of Kool-Aid, lighters, matches, sewing kits, Military Payment Certificates, C rations, and two or three canteens of water. (pg. 2) | Most of these items I understand that they have to have them. There are a few though that I don’t think are a necessity or a near-necessity, like the candy or cigarettes. Those are two things that aren’t necessary in the war. | 2 | As a first lieutenant and platoon leader, Jimmy Cross carried a compass, maps, code books, binoculars, and a .45-caliber pistol that weighed 2.9†¦show more content†¦| 12 | Courage, I seemed to think, comes to us in finite quantities, like an inheritance, and by being frugal and stashing it away and letting it earn interest, we steadily increase our moral capital in preparation for the day when the account must b e drawn down.(pg. 38) | This is a cool quote because I never thought of comparing courage and an inheritance gaining interest, but the way O’Brien compares them makes it interesting. | 13 | A true war story is never moral. It does not instruct, nor encourage virtue, nor suggest models of proper human behavior, nor restrain men from doing the things men have always done. (pg. 65) | I believe this is true. If a person wants to tell their own war story, they are just telling it, they are not expecting you to find a moral; they just want you to listen. | 14 | If at the end of a war story you feel uplifted, or if you feel that some small bit of rectitude has been salvaged from the larger waste, then you have been made the victim of a very old and terrible lie. There is no rectitude whatsoever. There is no virtue.(pg.65) | I understand what O’Brien is saying. You aren’t supposed to like a war story, if anything they should make you sad. | 15 | In any war story, but es pecially a true one, it’s difficult to separate what happened from what seemed to happen. (pg. 67) | In any situation it is hard to separate what really happened from what you thought happened. | 16 | In a true war story, if there’s a moral at all, it’s

Italian Neorealism Film Style of Post-War Europe Essay

In the period between 1943 and 1950 Italian cinema was dominated by Neorealism which became the most significant film style of post-war Europe. Formation began back in 1936 when propagandists opened modern Cincitta studios and the film school name ‘Centro Sperimentaledi Cinematografia’. Along with the opening of schools such as this was a movement that placed a group of cinematographers under full-year contracts, among them was Carlo Montuori who used his classic techniques in creating ‘Bicycle Thieves’ (1948) one of the most well known films produced during the Neo-Realism movement. Perhaps also one of the most influential directors was Roberto Rossellini who directed Rome Open City at the end of WWII. Many directors and influential films†¦show more content†¦Elements of neorealism can be found in the films of Alessandro Blasetti and the documentary-style films of Francesco De Robertis whose films Toni (Renoir in 1935) and 1860 (Blasetti in 1934) w ere two of the most significant precursors of the neorealism movement. There are a few aspects that make Italian Neorealist films unique, they would use nonprofessional actors for there raw awkwardness and everyday habits, capturing the reality of their poverty and desperation. The film makers would shoot scenes on location and mostly in poor neighborhoods or the countryside, with the plot surrounding life among the impoverished and lower class. The films theme mostly handled the difficulty of the economy and struggling moral conditions of post-WWII Italy while reflecting the changes in the Italian persona and the conditions of everyday life. What has become one of the best known Neorealist films is Roberto Rossellinis Rome Open City (1945), the film includes many of the characteristics of NeoRealism. The film contains a strong resistance towards conventional principles therefore showing an anti-establishment and revolutionary attitude. Just weeks after the German withdrawal Rossellini shot Rome Open City, this shocked and excited the film world because the film entails of the film was not expected. They had an extemporaneous, documentary quality enhanced in the early era by the materials from which they were made--war-time film stock, cobbled-together equipment,Show MoreRelated Italian Neorealism Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesThe aim of this report is to discuss Italian Neorealism (Neorealismo); looking at how the movement played a significant element in European cinema during and after the times of Benito Mussolini’s fascist regime. The report not only looks at how but why Neorealism became a growing phenomenon for filmmakers during its debatable 10 year period, and what implication of messages these Neorealist directors were trying to send out through their films. Backed up by several reliable book sources, the evidenceRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesFILM LANGUAGE FILM LANGUAGE A Semiotics of the Cinema Christian Metz Translated by Michael Taylor The University of Chicago Press Published by arrangement with Oxford University Press, Inc. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637  © 1974 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved. English translation. Originally published 1974 Note on Translation  © 1991 by the University of Chicago University of Chicago Press edition 1991 Printed in the United States of America 09 08 07 6

Analyse and present research information Free Essays

The Yoga is perhaps one of the most usable devices on the market. It has a great keyboard, track pad, and touchstones, and can be used in multiple positions. Yoga combines the productivity of an Ultra-book with the touch experience of a tablet, taking full advantage of the Windows 8 functionality. We will write a custom essay sample on Analyse and present research information or any similar topic only for you Order Now The screen flips a full 360 degrees into four modes that make it easy to create, share, or consume content. Combine those with its long battery life, and the Yoga provides ultimate versatility. The Leno Yoga comes at a wholesale price of $550 and is sold at a current market rice of $699, which gives a profitability of $1 50 per piece sold. It is a definite hit with consumers due to its unique design and diverse usability. Bose Sounding Mini Bluetooth Speaker: Enjoy your music on the go, everywhere you go. The Sounding@ Mini Bluetooth speaker delivers full, natural sound from an ultra-compact speaker that fits in the palm of your hand. It connects wirelessly to your smartened, tablet or other Bluetooth device, so you can listen to your music, videos or games anytime, anywhere. Just grab it and go. Features Advanced audio performance delivers full-range listening experience The most impact mobile speaker from Bose easily goes where you go Wirelessly connects to your Bluetooth device Rechargeable battery plays up to 7 hours USB port allows for software update to ensure ongoing Bluetooth device compatibility Soft covers are available separately in blue, green or orange The speaker comes with charging cradle and power cord and accessory covers are available separately The speakers come at a wholesale price of $1 50 and the current market price is $200. Though the profitability is not much but the speakers are highly in demand and sellable very fast. Astor Pro 2: Astor Prep is one of the newest laptop external batteries, which provide 1 dependable external charger. Dependable because it does not only give exact status, but also super powered with a built-in high capacity of mamma. Product Features Slim and comfortable in a small pouch. Fashionable feature that fits any occasion and rugged for daily use. Lightweight. Its only two pounds when shipped. With a built in lithium polymer battery: Ensures longer laptop battery life up to 8 hours or more. This external battery is equipped with two outputs for greater function. Impressive LED lights to display battery status and percentage: Astor Prep LED lights are consistent, clear, and accurate all the time. They update not only the ‘in and out’ details, but they also provide the laptop battery life’s percentage. With this, the user won’t find it hard when to stop and connect this battery to your starving laptop. Aluminum body in a stylish packaging. Golden Messenger offers a Guaranteed Minimum Delivery Time (GMT): their deliveries, whether as-needs or scheduled, are on time or it’s free. If you need same day delivery, they are the business courier service to call. Messenger can help you tit your day-to-day business delivery and run-around needs in the Melbourne CAB and metropolitan area. They provide ad-hoc courier deliveries (Standard, Express and Priority), logistics solutions, banking (including pick-up and banking of cheeses) and mail runs. They can utilize a light Van, taxi truck, half-tone or one-tone van or tray to carry out permanent runs or contract transport. Golden Messenger also offers country and interstate parcel and mail courier services, whether your freight is a full or less-than-full truckload. They will manage all your intrastate and interstate rainspout needs, including carton delivery. Golden Messenger is a professional team of couriers with a focus on communication, operating 24 hours and 7 days to transport your deliveries on time. How to cite Analyse and present research information, Essays

Issues Being Faced By Riveira Technology-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the issues being faced by Riveira technology due to having low mental health of the Employees. Answer: Introduction In the current business scenario, management of the human resources is one of the key challenging areas being faced by the contemporary business organizations. However, effective human resource management is also important due to the fact that, organizational performance is being determined by it (Alfes et al., 2013). There are various studies being carried out in the recent times regarding the mental health of an average employee and it is being concluded that majority is unhappy and dissatisfied with their current of profile. It is also being concluded that, 25 percent of the employees are thinking about job change (hcamag.com, 2018). Therefore, in this challenging scenario, it is more difficult for the business organizations to enhance and maintain the mental health of the employees. Riveira technology is one of the emerging organizations in Australia catering to the software requirement and support to the business clients. However, they are new in the business and thus they are having lack of experience in managing the human resources. On the other hand, low morale and mental health of the employees will restrict the productivity of them in the market. This report will discuss about the probable issues to be faced by Riveira technology due to the lower mental health of the employees along with few other associated issues. Moreover, the issues will be critically analyzed with from the perspective of various human resource theories. In accordance to the identified issues, different recommendations will also be discussed in this report. Case background With the increase in the competitors in the market, employment opportunities are rapidly increasing. However, the quality of the mental health of the employees is not satisfactory and with the availability of other employment opportunities, a major section is looking for new jobs. According to the given information, 25 percent of the total respondents are having the assumption that, changing the job will improve the mental health and will be positive (hcamag.com, 2018). Moreover, it is also being stated in the news story that, male employees are more prone to the negative mental health compared to the female employees due to their more career oriented objectives. A good percentage of the respondents are having the opinion that, unhealthy relationship with their seniors is another reason for their changing of jobs. The news story also discussed about the reasons due to which, unhappy employees are forced to remain with their existing job profiles. One of the key reasons being identified is the lack of financial ability for change of career. Another reason is the non-availability of the proper job opportunity over their existing ones (hcamag.com, 2018). Thus, being forced to remain with unfavorable job profiles further escalates the dissatisfaction of the employees, which further decreasing the productivity and effectiveness of them in their workplace. In the case of Riveira technology also, they are facing the risk of having the employees with negative mental health in their organization. Thus, the lower will be the mental health of the organization; the lower will be their organizational productivity. It is important for them to identify the issues being raised and initiate preventive measures accordingly Identification of the issues The above discussed news story has discussed various issues related to the human resource management. Thus, it is important to discuss those issues from the perspective of Riveira technology along with their potential impact. Absence of work life balance One of the key issues being raised is the lack of effective and proper work life balance. This is due to the reason that, to a certain extent, the mental health of the employees is being determined by the work life balance provided by their organization. According to Isaacs, (2016), work life balance refers to the process of designing the job profile for the employees in such a way that, it will enable them to maintain their personal commitment properly along with accomplishing the professional goals and objectives (Haar et al., 2014). According to the news story, the job profile is affecting the personal life of the employees, which further reducing the mental health of them. This is due to the fact that, the existing job profile of them is providing less time and space for their personal commitment. According to the Herzbergs two factors theory, not having effective work life balance will create dissatisfaction among the employees (Yusoff, Kian Idris, 2013). This is due to the reason that, work life balance is considered as the hygiene factor and thus absence of it will create the dissatisfaction of the employees. Hence, dissatisfaction of the employees will further reduce the productivity of the employees Demoralization of the employees Another issue being raised in the news story is the lack of motivation of the employees. This is due to the reason that, negative mental health of the employees will create de-motivation among the employees in their workplace (Appelbaum, 2013). In the news story, it is being stated that, the career growth is the key responsible factor to demoralize them. The actual career growth of them witnessed is lower than that of the desired outcome. It is creating dissatisfaction among them, which further demoralizing them in their workplace. According to the Maslows hierarchy of needs, financial growth is considered as safety needs and career growth refers to the esteem needs (Lester, 2013). According to the theory, inability in resolving the needs of the employees will ultimately lead to the demoralization of the employees. In the case of Riveira technology also, if the safety needs of the employees including financial security along with the esteem need of growth and recognition are not be met effectively, then it will demoralize the employees. Ineffective employee management Another issue being raised from the news story is the ineffectiveness in managing the employees. This is due to the fact that, in the news story, it is discussed that, 13 percent of the total respondents are having the opinion that, they dislike their boss and thus, looking for job change. This issue highlighted the mismanagement of the higher level management in dealing with the employees. The more will be the ineffectiveness of the management of the higher level management, the more will be the rate of turnover of the employees from the organization (Paille et al., 2014). In the case of Riveira technology, higher turnover ratio of the employees will involve more cost for them along with loss in terms of the competencies. According to the behavioral management theory, it is the responsibility of the managers to understand the characteristics of their employees and manage them accordingly. According to this theory, the more effective will be the determination of the characteristics of the employees, the more will be the employee engagement in the workplace and vice versa (Greve, 2013). Thus, in the case of Riveira technology, mismanagement of the higher level managers is reducing the level of engagement of the employees in their workplace (Anitha, 2014). This is leading them to look for other opportunities. It will have negative impact on their business operation if a majority section of the employees are willing to leave jobs. The cost of recruitment and selection of the new employees will get increased and Riveira technology will lose the positive employer branding in the market. Lack of employee training Another issue being identified is the lack of training and development program for the employees by the organization. This is due to the reason that, in the news story, it is stated that, 24 percent of the respondents are considering themselves as failure. This is due to the lack of empowerment and training of them (Jehanzeb Bashir, 2013). This will lead to the fact that, employees will feel less attachment with their job profiles and they will just work for the sake of doing job. This will not enhance the organizational performance of Riveira technology. According to the theory of the employee empowerment, the more empowered will be the employees in their workplace, the more will be their productivity (Ghosh, 2013). However, due to the lack of employee training and development, the employees will lose their competencies with time and will not be able to adapt with the change in the business scenario Recommendations In the above sections, various issues are being discussed that are raised in the discussed news story. The impact of these identified issues will be both negative and positive for Riveira technology. Therefore, it is important to have effective measures to mitigate the issues. The following sections will discuss about the recommended measures that will help them in overcoming the identified issues and enhance the organizational productivity. Employee training and development program Providence of training to the employees will help in reducing the stress from them. This is due to the reason that, a majority portion of the employees is unhappy with their job profiles due to their low competencies. Providing training will increase their level of competencies and it will ultimately increase the productivity of them (Elnaga Imran, 2013). Moreover, providence of the training to the employees will further motivate them in their workplace. This is due to the reason that, increase in the competencies of them will help them to accomplish their jobs effectively. The more effectively they can perform in their workplace, the more favorable will be the mental health of the employees. Job redesign Another effective measure that will help in enhancing the mental health of the employees is the job redesign. Riveira technology should redesign their existing job profiles in order to reduce the stress on the employees (Shantz et al., 2013). One of the key steps will be the job flexibility. Employees should be given flexible time in accomplishing their jobs. This will create more personal space for them, which will reduce the mental stress. Another step will be the job division. Human resource managers should divide the difficult jobs among number of employees rather allocating to single employee. This will help the employees in reducing the responsibility and working on shared basis. Thus, the mental stress will also be less. Effective leadership in place Leadership plays an important role in enhancing the effectiveness of the employees. it is being recommended that, Riveira technology should initiate the concept of transformational leadership. This includes involving the feedback and opinion of the employees in the decision making process and enhancing the relevancy of the employees in their workplace. In addition, initiation of the transformational leadership also involves promoting various activities in motivating the employees. Thus, it will help Riveira technology in having effective management of the human resources in place (Namasivayam, Guchait Lei, 2014). Thus, the effective management of the employees will help in reducing the stress from the employees and enhance their mental health. Compensation Properly compensating the employees according to their job profiles will reduce the stress from them. In the news story, it is being discussed that, good number of the employees are dissatisfied with their career growth. Thus, it is important for the organization to have proper and effective policy of compensation for the employees. According to the theory of compensation, proper compensation will increase the alignment of the employees in their workplace from the outer world and vice versa (Bryant Allen, 2013). Moreover, financial benefits are the most effective way of motivating the employees. Therefore, the employees should be well compensated that will reduce the probability of looking out for new job opportunities Conclusion Thus, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that, there are various issues being identified that are faced by Riveira technology in regard to the management of the employees. This report also discussed the impact of negative mental condition of the employees on the business operation of them. Number of negative impacts is being identified in this report. In accordance to the identified issues, various recommended steps are also being discussed in the report. One of the key recommended steps discussed in this report is the providence of the training and development program for the employees along with redesigning the existing job profiles of the employees. This report concluded that, effective implementation of the recommended steps discussed in this report will help Riveira technology to overcome the identified challenges and enhance the productivity of the employees along with reducing their mental stress References Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., Soane, E. C. (2013). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model.The international journal of human resource management,24(2), 330-351. Anitha, J. (2014). Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance.International journal of productivity and performance management,63(3), 308. Appelbaum, E. (2013). The impact of new forms of work organization on workers.Work and Employment in the High Performance Workplace,120. Bryant, P. C., Allen, D. G. (2013). Compensation, benefits and employee turnover: HR strategies for retaining top talent.Compensation Benefits Review,45(3), 171-175. Elnaga, A., Imran, A. (2013). The effect of training on employee performance.European Journal of Business and Management,5(4), 137-147. Ghosh, A. K. (2013). Employee empowerment: A strategic tool to obtain sustainable competitive advantage.International Journal of Management,30(3), 95. Greve, H. R. (2013). Microfoundations of management: Behavioral strategies and levels of rationality in organizational action.The Academy of Management Perspectives,27(2), 103-119. Haar, J. M., Russo, M., Sue, A., Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2014). Outcomes of worklife balance on job satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health: A study across seven cultures.Journal of Vocational Behavior,85(3), 361-373. hcamag.com. (2018).HR Online. Retrieved 7 February 2018, from https://www.hcamag.com/hr-news/one-in-five-employees-hate-their-careers-245178.aspx Isaacs, D. (2016). Work?life balance.Journal of paediatrics and child health,52(1), 5-6. Jehanzeb, K., Bashir, N. A. (2013). Training and development program and its benefits to employee and organization: A conceptual study.European Journal of business and management,5(2). Lester, D. (2013). Measuring Maslow's hierarchy of needs.Psychological Reports,113(1), 15-17. Namasivayam, K., Guchait, P., Lei, P. (2014). The influence of leader empowering behaviors and employee psychological empowerment on customer satisfaction.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(1), 69-84. Paill, P., Chen, Y., Boiral, O., Jin, J. (2014). The impact of human resource management on environmental performance: An employee-level study.Journal of Business Ethics,121(3), 451-466. Shantz, A., Alfes, K., Truss, C., Soane, E. (2013). The role of employee engagement in the relationship between job design and task performance, citizenship and deviant behaviours.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,24(13), 2608-2627. Yusoff, W. F. W., Kian, T. S., Idris, M. T. M. (2013). Herzbergs Two Factors Theory On Work Motivation: Does Its Work For Todays Environment.Global journal of commerce and Management,2(5), 18-22.

Analysis Of The Flea By John Donne Essays - The Flea, Flea

Analysis Of The Flea By John Donne Essays - The Flea, Flea Analysis Of The Flea By John Donne Shai Steeck English 2 Essay 1 The Flea John Donne Observe a typical bar; every Saturday night sweat drenched bodies emitting alcohol and pheromones from every pore, exchange conversation, pleasantries, and yes even sex (perhaps not directly in view but certainly eluded to). Is this animalistic, barbaric behavior acceptable? Should sex be taken so lightheartedly? Or do we take it to seriously; guarding sex like it was the Holy Grail, or the secret to life itself? These questions may be to deep and pointed for most to approach, yet John Donne in his poem The Flea wades through them like the kiddy pool. In this clever poem Donne uses a flea, blood, and the murder of the flea as an analogy for the oldest most primal exchange, sex. Donne, through symbolic images, not only questions the validity of coveting virginity but also the importance of sex as it pertains to life. The metaphors in The Flea are plentiful, but the symbols repeated throughout the poem are clear, beginning with the most prevalent, and the flea. This small parasitic creature is chalk full of symbolic meaning. During the time this poem was written (the Renaissance) the flea was use in many poems about sex. I derive that in this particular poem the flea is symbolic of the act of sex from the speakers remark in the beginning, Mark but this flea, and mark in this, how little that which deniest me is the flea is small and inconsequential, his lady denies him sex, which the speaker believes is also petty. The flea is described as a marriage temple and a carrier of life, but in the next stanza as something insignificant and small. The speaker applies a certain duality to the flea and therefore to sex. The metaphor develops more as it relates to the other symbols. Blood is used more than once as a symbol. The speaker talks of the blood reverently and equates it to honor. Blood in this poem is symbolic of life and the soul. The speaker remarks that in the flea his blood and his ladys blood were mixed, therefore during sex their souls are mingled and become one. This is where the flea becomes a marriage temple. During this part of the poem the he speaks respectfully within the metaphor about sex, noting that it can be a spiritual and important thing. But this is eventually revealed to be only a ploy to prove that if the speakers lady can treat sex so irreverently after he had made comments about how sacred it was, than sex should not be dealt with so seriously. After the speakers lady kills the flea he asks her if she has purpled her nail in the blood of innocence. Using Donnes metaphor as a basis for interpretation the result is that he asks her if they finish the act of sex (kill the flea) if it will have really diminished her innocence. The s peaker is commenting that sex does not have the power to take away innocence or life. The murder of the flea also adds to the overall metaphor. When the speaker and his ladys blood is mixed in the flea the speaker refers to the flea as a marriage, therefore the exchange of life (blood) during sex forms a marriage between the partners. The narrator asks his lady not to kill the flea, which is symbolic of the end of sex, or orgasm. It was popular belief at the time this poem was written, that every time a man had sex his life was shortened, thus it is reasonable to say that the speaker is also representing the murder of the flea as his own life being taken by his lady during the act of sex. The speaker may feel that if he should have to give a piece of his life to have sex the woman he gives it to should want to accept it willingly and without requiring the man to woo. Conclusively the speaker states that the flea ha not taken hardly any thing of importance from either him or his lad and, just so much honor when thou yeildst to me, will waste, as this fleas death

Peri Prefix Meaning in Biology

Peri Prefix Meaning in Biology The prefix (peri-) means around, near, surrounding, covering, or enclosing. It is derived from the Greek peri for about, near, or around. Words That Begin With Peri Perianth (peri-anth): The outer part of a flower that encloses its reproductive parts is called the perianth. The perianth of a flower includes the sepals and petals in angiosperms. Pericardium (peri-cardium): The pericardium is the membranous sac that surrounds and protects the heart. This three-layered membrane serves to keep the heart in place in the chest cavity and prevents over-expansion of the heart. Pericardial fluid, which is located between the middle pericardial layer (parietal pericardium) and the innermost pericardial layer (visceral pericardium), helps to reduce friction between pericardial layers. Perichondrium (peri-chondrium): The layer of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds cartilage, excluding cartilage at the end of joints, is called perichondrium. This tissue covers cartilage in structures of the respiratory system (trachea, larynx, nose, and epiglottis), as well as cartilage of the ribs, outer ear, and auditory tubes. Pericranium (peri-cranium): The pericranium is a membrane that covers the outer surface of the skull. Also called the periosteum, it is the innermost layer of the scalp that covers bone surfaces except at the joints. Pericycle (peri-cycle): Pericycle is plant tissue that surrounds vascular tissue in roots. It initiates the development of lateral roots and is also involved in secondary root growth. Periderm (peri-derm): The outer protective plant tissue layer that surrounds roots and stems is the periderm or bark. The periderm replaces the epidermis in plants that undergo secondary growth. Layers composing the periderm include cork, cork cambium, and phelloderm. Peridium (peri-dium): The outer layer that covers the spore-bearing structure in many fungi is called the peridium. Depending on the fungal species, the peridium may be thin or thick with between one and two layers. Perigee (peri-gee): The perigee is the point in the orbit of a body (moon or satellite) around the Earth where it is nearest to the center of the Earth. The orbiting body travels faster at perigee than at any other point in its orbit. Perikaryon (peri-karyon): Also known as cytoplasm, the perikaryon is all of the contents of a cell surrounding but excluding the nucleus. This term also refers to the cell body of a neuron, excluding the axons and dendrites. Perihelion (peri-helion): The point in the orbit of a body (planet or comet) around the sun where it comes closest to the sun is called the perihelion. Perilymph (peri-lymph): Perilymph is the fluid between the membranous labyrinth and bony labyrinth of the inner ear. Perimysium (peri-mysium): The layer of connective tissue that wraps skeletal muscle fibers into bundles is called perimysium. Perinatal (peri-natal): Perinatal refers to the time period occurring around the time of birth. This period spans from about five months before birth to one month after birth. Perineum (peri-neum): The perineum is the area of the body located between the anus and genital organs. This region spans from the pubic arch to the tail bone. Periodontal (peri-odontal): This term literally means around the tooth and is used to denote tissues that surround and support teeth. Periodontal disease, for example, is a disease of the gums that can range from minor gum inflammation to serious tissue damage and tooth loss. Periosteum (peri-osteum): The periosteum is a dual-layered membrane that covers the outer surface of bones. The outer layer of the periosteum is dense connective tissue formed from collagen. The inner layer contains bone-producing cells called osteoblasts. Peristalsis (peri-stalsis): Peristalsis is the coordinated contraction of smooth muscle around substances within a tube that moves the contents along the tube. Peristalsis occurs in the digestive tract and in tubular structures such as the ureters. Peristome (peri-stome): In zoology, the peristome is a membrane or structure that surrounds the mouth in some invertebrates. In botany, peristome refers to small appendages (resembling teeth) that surround the opening of a capsule in mosses. Peritoneum (peri-toneum): The dual-layered membrane lining of the abdomen that encases abdominal organs is known as the peritoneum. The parietal peritoneum lines the abdominal wall and the visceral peritoneum covers the abdominal organs. Peritubular (peri-tubular): This term describes a position that is adjacent to or surrounds a tubule. For example, the peritubular capillaries are tiny blood vessels that are positioned around nephrons in the kidneys.

Reading Response Question 2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reading Response Question 2 - Research Paper Example Ergo, with an educated crop of youth, posterity would be supplied with learned men to manage the affairs of the nation. He recalls that the original settlers who had created the foundation on which America was built had received a good education in Europe and juxtaposes them with the present youths who are not thought to be of the same caliber owing to lesser academic aptitude. To this end, he proposed that an academy should be opened for the sake of educating the youth and the state or any other organization with an interest should provide teachers and learning materials, which will be updated and improved with time as par the educational demands (Franklin 87). Furthermore, the members of the cooperation should strive to regularly visit the school so as to mentor the students and assist the masters as well as serve as inspiration to the proteges. The academy, he suggested should be located in the city or not very far rom it, that way, the youths within who would be undergoing traini ng could be closely observed by the community. The Rector should be an outstanding scholar and well versed in the sciences arts and languages, he should have masters of his caliber and it is also crucial that all have excellent mastery of the English tongue. The students should be trained in both academic and non-academic pursuits such as would strengthen them both physically and spiritually. They should be rendered physically active through wrestling, swimming running reaping and any other appropriate exercise. The scholars in this academy should distinguish themselves from other youth by the peculiarity of their habits, which should reflect studiousness and great self-discipline. As pertains to the content taught therein, he suggests several disciplines and justifies their necessity. The English language is to be taught by grammar and it should encapsulate the works of great writers such pope Cato, and Tillotson, it should also include reading and pronunciation skills. Their writi ng skills can be honed through the writing of letters to each other all which should be read and revised under the supervision of a qualified master. History should also be introduced so the learners may benefit from the experience and leisure that is contained in knowledge of past diverse past events such as Greek and/or world history. This should be combined with geography in which the scholars would be taught to read and interpret maps as well as point out specifically where certain historical events took place. Franklin further proposes that learner could benefit from knowledge of ancient customs of different cultures and religious education. Through the constant examinations of the rise and fall of man’s character, learners should be schooled in matters of morality which has substantial advantage in that it inculcates virtues such as temperance frugality and persistence among others. An in-depth study of historical events will undoubtedly, according to Franklin serve to inspire the learner to do great things and also learn from the experiences and mistakes of their forbearers. He argues that learning of language such as Latin is crucial since many

Story from the bible Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Story from the bible - Essay Example Judith is introduced in chapter eight as a wealthy widow woman of the city called Bethulia. Her husband died perhaps of heat stroke while he was overseeing a harvest and left her with all of his belongings. She is described as being very pious and wise and has the respect of the elders of the town. When they think they have no choice but to give up, she assures them she will do something about the invading general Holofernes, who is camped in the next valley. By Chapter 11, she has dressed herself in a way that is seductive but also very wealthy and classy so that she can get the attention of Holofernes, which is successful. She spends several nights praying for the right time for Holofernes to attack while he plans how he’s going to have her physically. Chapter 13 is the most exciting chapter of the story as it is here that she beheads Holofernes as he is passed out drunk and then passes out of his camp with his head in a bag unharmed because of the way she had arranged her s tay there. Although she is mentioned as late as the last chapter of the book, Chapter 16, her story is really finished by Chapter 14 after she tells her countrymen what to do with the head and how to frighten the rest of the Assyrians away. This story of Judith is central to the book’s meaning as it is her actions that attempt to teach the process of making oneself the instrument of God. The book has undergone a great deal of scrutiny in terms of its authorship and dating. The Women’s Bible Commentary points out that the book was mentioned in 1 Clement in the first century, so it had to have been written prior to that time. Others, such as the New Jerome Biblical Commentary have discovered references in the writings of Clement of Alexandria, Origen and Tertullian. The HarperCollins Bible Commentary suggests that the book is post-exilic and probably

American football Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

American football - Essay Example The game evolved as new of rules were set including the introduction of the snap, the downs concept, the neutral zone and legalization of the forward pass. The introduction of the snap caused the unexpected development of the â€Å"block game† where a team would keep hold on the ball indefinitely to keep the other team from scoring. To prevent this practice from becoming the norm, a rule change was necessary. There was the introduction of three downs or tackles to advance the ball five yards or forfeiture of ball control to the other team. The rule probably stopped the game from becoming boring and fading into the confines of other less popular sports. Rules were also developed to specify field size and a scoring system to be used by teams during play. It clear from the evolution and revision of the rules and guidelines of the game that American foot was growing to be a popular sport among many people. Professional football was first recorded when William heffelfinger was paid 500 Dollars to play a game in 1892. After that, it became apparent that there needed to be rules to govern how people handled this aspect. Fortunately, there was the rise of the NFL that has reigned over the game for a long time. Despite its disadvantages, professional play may have improved the standard of the game by making sure that only the best players compete professionally. In a team, there are three major backfield positions, namely the quarterback, the halfback and the fullback. The quarterback leads the offense and calls the plays. He usually takes the snap and may hand off the ball, throw it or run with it. Consequently, quarterbacks have sometimes been seen as the most important players in the team. The halfback or tailback usually carries the ball during running plays. He may also be a receiver. A fullback primarily acts as a blocker but may sometimes act as a runner the for short distance situations. The center leads the

Inequalities Within Healthcare Interactions in New Zealand

Inequalities Within Healthcare Interactions in New Zealand KENT JOSEPH PACA INTRODUCTION Inequality is commonly defined as the quality or condition of being relatively unequal and basically there is imbalance or disparity within the circumstance. In the healthcare setting, there are several factors to consider in order for every individual to attain wellness, demonstrate the acquisition and promotion of holistic well-being on all aspect of human life such as physical, social, psychological and spiritual. Knowingly, disparities within healthcare could greatly affect and a considerable factor for it to be a hindrance towards achieving optimum health through all individual. Considering that New Zealand is a multi-cultural country in which the most percentage of its population are immigrant people from all over the world with different ethnic identity, cultural orientation, religion and outlook in life towards healthcare whom each one of these individual most likely are concern with their health status and well-being. These differences are important areas needed to be taken into great consideration as it would probably have a huge impact towards the issue of inequality with regards to healthcare interactions. In this paper, common inequality issues in healthcare interaction being experienced by every pacific islanders, Maori people and immigrants in New Zealand will be provided with interventions and resolutions to somehow reduce inequality and further promote equality among every individual living in this country. BODY In New Zealand, one important dimension of inequality regarding health promotion and any other healthcare situations is ethnic identity considering its differences when it comes to health beliefs, knowledge and ideas regarding improvement of health. It is a proven fact that every individual has his/her right to health, he/she has the right to acquire full healthcare access and quality services and most importantly has the right to have proper information and be given the knowledge and ideas regarding prevention of illness thus promote wellness within oneself. But because of the one determinant to health considered as a barrier for people achieving good health which is communication and professional interaction among healthcare providers to their clients, disparity or unequal treatment are being experience to most people living in this country especially among the pacific islanders and Maori people. Despite the fact that technology is proven to be adequate in terms of resources and fu nding are provided to every individual, the issue of inequality still linger and must be taken seriously as a problem towards achieving optimum health. Inequality in healthcare interaction could widely be affected looking into a person’s socio-economic status and its stability in life. It is a proven fact that inequality roughly limits the opportunities of an individual’s full potential and its capabilities. That is the reason why equality is desirable. With people having a less outlook towards good health and negative perception on it, this could probably affect its concern towards proper well-being. In fact most people having this negative outlook towards health are those individual who are unfortunate enough in terms of socioeconomic status because this will hinder the proper accumulation of the right pattern towards acquisition of equality towards health. These people because of their stability status mostly didn’t have the proper education thus the knowledge and accurate ideas towards prevention of illness, promoting of good health are not properly sustained. Almost all people especially individual living in New Zealand have different outlook towards health. Maori people have their own health beliefs as well as other ethnic people living in this country. These factors are often referred as determinants to health which greatly affect the quality of healthcare for the people. Factors are categorized into two (2); unchangeable and changeable factors. The unchangeable factor refers to the hereditary implications, age and sex to the Maori and pacific islanders in which most of these are growing into an obese individual without any care and concern regarding their dietary intake. Through this factor these individual should be provided with the right information and knowledge regarding the benefit of having a good and balance health condition. Also, they should be given an input on the consequences of having too much of everything especially with their dietary consumption. The changeable factor that would be the most important factor in order fo r this determinant of health to be regulated consists of; Individual lifestyle, social and community influences and working condition. These changeable factors determine an individual’s way of life, on how they survive on a daily basis and its influences socially and in the community. To be specific individual lifestyle of most Maori individual often times associate oneself to daily vices such as the use of prohibited drugs, commonly most of them use cigarette as part of their vices as maybe being influence by their older relatives and ancestors. All of this conditions and factors are negative impacts towards health promotion and such actions on the latter part of life could greatly affect health status of an individual thus consequences of having these vices which are contributing factors leading to bad health behaviour will conclude one’s life if not being manage properly and implementations of reducing such doings will not be applied. Another vital component which plays a role in determining health outcomes is the social environment. The impact of the social environment on health can be seen in the extremely powerful and enduring relationship between health and social and economic inequalities (Dew and Kirkman 2002). The environment surrounding an individual and its social interaction plays a vital role and demonstrate an impact can have on people and their health outcomes. An area that is considered to be a high risk for diseases and infection could be a threatening environment for individual living in the place and somehow promotion of good health outcomes to the people will outweigh the brighter side of its objectives. Most Maori people and other ethnic groups living in New Zealand have different perspective in life concerning health outcomes with most of them rely on their health beliefs in managing health. It is also a concern to some of these people of being non-compliant to treatment plan despite the fact o f having all the access towards quality service of healthcare being provided by the New Zealand government. This attitudes could also somehow are in connection to influential attributes from their ancestors regarding health issues and how to manage such health condition leading to ineffective and disparity towards health. According to the New Zealand Ministry of Health in reducing health inequalities they have provided a framework that entails an implementing and widely comprehensive strategies that will help in overcoming such inequalities in healthcare in this country. They have also proposed some principles for every activity needed to be implemented for inequality issues to be taken into consideration. The proposed framework made by the ministry of health developed four (4) levels in which they foresee these strategies would be beneficial in overcoming inequalities of healthcare. The first level of the strategy is the Structural level. In this strategy the healthcare organization as well as the ministry of health determines the root cause of every inequality experienced by every people in New Zealand. Inequality with regards to socio-economic, ethnical, cultural beliefs and other factors that affects health outcomes are being considered as determinant factors then through these factors planning fo r the implementation will be based on the given and factors being distinguished. Secondly, are the intermediary pathways which target every material, tool needed that intervene every impact that affects health. Next is Health and disability services in which we all know that here in New Zealand policy regarding disability issues are being made in order to compensate every disabled individual in the country. In this way it also promotes equality of healthcare being provided to every individual living in New Zealand especially to individual with disability to Pacific Islander and Maori people. The government promoted different policy on the issue to disability thus giving every individual regardless to its culture, race and ethnicity the rights to live with great lives despite their condition. The last level of strategy to help reduce inequality to healthcare is the Impact. Minimising the impacts or every determinant of healthcare outcomes, disability and illnesses will greatly improv e the quality of life and further develop and promote equality of healthcare. Another factor that influences the reduction of inequality on healthcare is the current implementation of Partnership within New Zealand. This partnership was first represented way back the year 1840 where the signing of partnership Treaty of Waitangi (Te Tiriti o Waitangi) took place. During the sequence of events the Maori people’s leaders signed the treaty that enable the British people take authority of the native lands and resources in accordance and in return the Maori people are guaranteed the full right and ownership of their lands and that they will provide security and development to every resources. Maori people are also given the right and privilege to all British subjects. In this recent time, New Zealand is aiming to the principles of partnership; participation and protection for the people of New Zealand attain equality especially in response to Healthcare delivery system. The New Zealand government fully ensure its commitment to good relationship and bond with other Non-government organization (NGO) or the community sector and in partnership with international healthcare organization in the development and promotion of good health for their people. They tend to adhere on policy to better promote social inclusion of its people thus law-making body provide ideas and knowledge to implement growing strategies and methods for social change on the behaviour of every individual leading to improvement and lifestyle modification aiming for community development. One objective of the ministry of health in New Zealand is to promote people’s rights. This includes the full right of gaining access towards quality healthcare, the provision of the ideas and knowledge pertaining health issues must be provided to every individual seeking medical management. Respect is a value also being emphasized for every individual in the country knowing its multi cultural and diversity among people living in the country. It is known that with different culture a nd religion along with it are different beliefs from its religion regarding health but through respecting their own beliefs and take consideration, embracing their way of managing health issues could also be a significant area to reduce inequality of healthcare interaction. People in the healthcare sector should also take full consideration that New Zealand is a melting pot for immigrants with different races and ethnicity. Having a little bit of idea regarding their culture, beliefs and practices is one way of trying to respect them. Healthcare providers should not be complacent in providing quality care basing on their nationality because in providing an equal care to individual is regardless if a person is black or white. And it is important that holistic care should be an important value in the promotion of wellness to every people. CONCLUSION As all things being considered, disparity and inequality in Healthcare especially the interaction between people living in New Zealand could somehow can be greatly discuss as it becomes an issue in healthcare that needs to be given implementation for it to be intervene and promote equality within the promotion and achievement of well-being to every individual in New Zealand. Knowingly, New Zealand is a country recognised to be a melting pot of ethnic group, races and different people living in. With cultural differences in a country it is prominent to have difficulties in terms of interaction to people especially in the healthcare setting. The value of partnership and respect to all rights of individual in New Zealand are values and tool in which inequality issue can be address and resolve. Predominantly, inequality is one of the common issue being experienced by people especially immigrants, Pacific Islanders and Maori people living in New Zealand but nonetheless, the government is taking action and promote strategies overcoming this issues and making this one of their priority concern. Although this will be for a long term process for it to be fully implemented and shows good result regarding the reduction of such barrier of healthcare outcome but still actions were already implemented and every strategy and plans are widely considered for the better of every individual in New Zealand. Several policy regarding promotion of health are made by the New Zealand Ministry of Health in response to quality delivery of the Healthcare system and development towards healthcare such as the Policy for Health management to Maori people and Disability policy to provide care and associate every disabled individual to the community and giving them equal rights to every person in the country. This group of individual are in need of equal treatment and access to healthcare and through this policies they are given the opportunity to achieve and promote wellness despite the condition they are having. REFERENCE Electronic References: He Korowai Oranga | Ministry of Health NZ. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/populations/maori-health/he-korowai-oranga DHB MÄ ori Health Plans and Health Needs Assessments | Ministry of Health NZ. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/populations/maori-health/dhb-maori-health-plans-and-health-needs-assessments Health and Pacific Peoples in New Zealand. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/people_and_communities/pacific_peoples/pacific-progress-health/influences-on-health-well-being.aspx The Treaty in brief The Treaty in brief | NZHistory, New Zealand history online. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/politics/treaty/the-treaty-in-brief Journal References: Adams,J., Witten,K., Conway,K. (2009). Community development as health promotion: evaluating a complex locality-based project in New Zealand.Community Development Journal. doi:10.1093/cdj/bsm049 Harris,R., Tobias,M., Jeffreys,M., Waldegrave,K., Karlsen,S., Nazroo,J. (2006). Racism and health: The relationship between experience of racial discrimination and health in New Zealand.Social Science Medicine. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.04.009 Ajwani, S., T. Blakely, B. Robson, M. Tobias and M. Bonne (2003) Decadesof Disparity: Ethnic Mortality Trends in New Zealand 1980–1999, Ministry of Health and University of Otago, Wellington. Matheson,A. (2005). Engaging Communities to Reduce Health Inequalities: Why Partnership?

Ecommerce Industry Analysis :: essays research papers

Industry Analysis: On-Line Higher Education Industry Today’s industries of Higher Education are witnessing a burgeoning interest in the use of the Internet. The rise of the Internet, by information technologies and business application, represents a large base of potential customers for e-commerce activities. Generally, it can be said that e-commerce is a highly significant way of conducting business. For that very reason, a widespread of universities and colleges actively exploit opportunities created by the growth of e-commerce by initiating on line courses and degrees to accommodate this demand. This industry analysis will capture the principal effects that e-commerce, i.e. on line courses, may have, as compared to those of conventional Higher Education Industries, as well as explore the barriers and opportunities that may face each. These issues are examined using market research, newspaper articles, and annual industry reports. Higher Education Firms are undertaking growing numbers of e-commerce initiatives and increasingly offering on-line incentives required to participate in the growing online market. A range of on-line incentives includes expedited degrees, decreased tuition fees and minimal face-to-face time with instructors. However, to realize these gains of on-line courses and the associated incentives requires fundamental Internet knowledge and a high degree of competency with on-line universities in offering adequate resources. Higher Education institutions are producers of information concentrated products, and may face a raft of challenges when instilling these new competencies. The Gartner Group estimates that firms creating e-commerce sites spend $1 million in the first five months, and $20 million for a place in cyberspace that sets them apart from the competition. These costs are projected to increase at a rate of over 25% per year over the next two years. An examination of the annual reports of Online Higher Education companies reflects the magnitude of these costs. South University’s annual report for 2003 reveals that the firm spent $152 million on advertisement, equipment, and software, amounting to 9% of their annual revenues for the year. This figure for Capella.edu is $34 million (16% of revenue). Once these investments are in place, the costs of entry into virtual universities mainly include considerable marketing expenses. Activities such as the placement of banner ads in portal sites are $12 million (12% of revenue). Transaction and organizational costs affect every educational institution. The potential of Virtual Universities to reduce these costs is most important, because the cost affect the consumers. Comparisons to campus education also create economic challenges to online institutions.

The Role of Teachers as Nation Builders

The role of teachers in the building of a nation can not be ignored. It is they who influence the immature minds of the youth and tries to mould the living stuff into various forms. It is they on who depends the future of the nation. Hence, they are the most important part of the society. In the past, teachers were considered respectable figures even by the kings and the emperors, because only teachers were there to guide and advice them in hours of crisis. They were the true benefactors of the society.With the change of time they lost their dignity to some extent. Still, they are considered the backbone of a nation, and a society. Teachers are the real guide of the students. With their deep knowledge of the subject and teaching technique they can impart valuable information to the students. They can guide them towards noble deeds, studies, health, and cleanliness and above ail the moral values of life. All these qualities enable a child to grow into an ideal citizen of his/her natio n. Teachers are considered the noblest section of the society.This increases their responsibility towards nation and the students to a great extent; they must be dedicated to the service of the students. Their own actions and high ideas about life can easily shape the young minds into good personalities and responsible citizens of tomorrow. They are a guiding light for students throughout their lives. The importance of the role of the teachers as an agent of change, promoting understanding and tolerance has become more obvious today. This places enormous responsibilites on teachers who participate in the moulding of the character and minds of the new generation.Now days, the whole scenario has been changed. Teachers and parents are engaged in blaming each other. Parents are displeased with them because their sons and daughters do not do well in the examination. Teachers blame the parents that they do not pay much attention on their wards due to lack of time. Even we do not find any accord between the teachers and the students. The overall result is that the students have become aggressive, bold and daring- They are less concerned with their studies and think more about other activities. The teachers become helpless at this juncture.This leads to dissatisfaction and frustration among them. They do not get proper respect from the students. In addition to this, the teachers are not paid highly and regularly. This makes their situation miserable. It is necessary to improve the conditions of the teachers. Only then they will continue their job with full vigour and zeal. Only then they will discharge their duty towards the students as well as the nation in true sense of the term. Only then their potentialities will shine in the new generation, the real hope of the nation.

Free Essays on Musical Influences Today

are from this song that is called Optimistic. It reveals to me that if I set a goal and look forward to that goal I can achieve it. The Sounds of Blackness is a talented group of African Americans who exercised their talents to enlighten others that we put our minds to it and we made it happen, so why can’t you. This song means a lot to me because it keeps me thinking and helps me to realize that â€Å"no matter how hard reality seems, just hold on to your dreams.† If everyone listened to that song mayb... Free Essays on Musical Influences Today Free Essays on Musical Influences Today Musical Influence When I hear or see other artists and groups publicized, I feel that they don’t have a meaning behind their words except money, big houses, sex, and fancy cars, and the only reason why they have those material possessions is because of you and me and our faithful contributions to their record label. I think an artist should come out with more positive lyrics because this country is falling apart. See what they fail to realize is that everyone is listening to the words and not just the tight beats. The people of the USA only thinks of money and how fast they can make it, without looking at the long-term effects it have on our country. The children are growing up far too quickly, and I blame it on music and television. When you turn on a music video what do you see? I see a man with lots of â€Å"bling, bling†, cursing, pulling out guns, and women half clothed with no self-respect. How about when you turn on the radio what do you hear? Rap is very popular right no w. I remember a time when you couldn’t curse on the radio. Now, they don’t sensor out as many words and all you hear them rap about is what they got. I am glad Nas came out with a positive song like â€Å"I can†, it shows that some people still do care and realize that people are listening to what they are saying. My most influential musical group is Sounds of Blackness. The first most positive song that I actually listened to the words are from this song that is called Optimistic. It reveals to me that if I set a goal and look forward to that goal I can achieve it. The Sounds of Blackness is a talented group of African Americans who exercised their talents to enlighten others that we put our minds to it and we made it happen, so why can’t you. This song means a lot to me because it keeps me thinking and helps me to realize that â€Å"no matter how hard reality seems, just hold on to your dreams.† If everyone listened to that song mayb...

Cultural Exchange via trade in the sixteenth century

Cultural Exchange via trade in the sixteenth century Cultural exchange refers to the exchange of values, ideologies, beliefs and interests between two or more ethnic groups. Cultural exchange is inevitable in any circumstance that involves human interaction.Advertising We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on Cultural Exchange via trade in the sixteenth century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More De Vries (1979) argues that, in the sixteenth century, which is also termed as the golden age, the human activity that people consider having played the biggest part in enhancing cultural exchange is trade (p.12). This happened through the human contacts that people had established in the leading trade routes in the sixteenth century. This paper, therefore, keenly examines the activities of the principal trade routes in the sixteenth century and the cultural exchange that took place. The trade routes provide an unduobtable evidence of human achievement in an effort to expand and cha nge for the better. Regardless of the commodities of a given trade route, there were traces of the cultural interactions that people had left even years after the trade network declined (Bentley et al., 2008, p.17). The main trade routes that were in existence in the 16th century include the Tran-Saharan gold trade network that linked the north and western African to Europe and Asia. This trade route majorly involved itself in the trading of gold, which was mainly from West Africa. Cultural beliefs introduced by the interactions that arose from this trade include the exchange of religious beliefs. This is evident based on the spread of Islam. Traders mostly from Arabic countries utilized the opportunity that they encountered to spread their religious faith to the people with whom they traded (Sanders et al., 2006, p.26). People also exchanged cultural values in bulk during trading activities in the sixteenth century. They embedded some of these values in the religious faith transfer ring others through other means. For instance, certain communities influenced the manner in which other communities they traded with conducted their rituals, as well as how they generally behaved. For instance, the communities to whom the Islam religion was in touch with adopted the life styles of the Arabs (Van Tielhof, 2002, p.39). Henceforth, they conducted marriages and other cultural celebrations according to the Islamic values. Other prominent trade routes were the spice routes that majorly connected Europe with Asia and Africa. The commodities that people traded included exotic spices majorly from Asian civilizations and North Africa. These trade routes necessitated the spread of art and other cultural artifacts.Advertising Looking for annotated bibliography on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More ome of these artifacts were used as a medium of exchange between the traders while others were items of trade. In these trade routes also, the desire to communicate while trading led to the development of languages such as Mandarin Chinese and Swahili (Pirenne, 2006, p.72). The later acted as a trading language, which incorporated African words with clear Arabic words to make the trading activities more effective. With this development also came the birth of the Swahili culture, which drew aspects from both the Arabic culture and the East African culture. The Silk Road is another extremely influential trade route that contributed to the exchange of cultural values in the sixteenth century. The trade route exists even today even though it has suffered political instability experienced in some countries along the route. The commodities of this trade route included artifacts, slaves, minerals and salt (Clark, 1999, p.45). However, this trade route was not extremely active in the sixteenth century considering that it had reached its apex during the Tang Dynasty in the 8th century. Buddhism spre ad because of this trade through either written or oral works. There was also an evident exchange of Ideologies between the communities that existed during the time of this trading activity. The principal trading activity that people considered having contributed immensely to cultural exchange was the Middle Passage also known as the Atlantic slave trade. This trade route connected the west coast of Africa to the Americas and Europe (Aksel, 1941, p.97). The leading commodity involved in this trade was slaves. Millions of Africans had to abandon their cultures by force following the introduction of new ways of living in America, the Caribbean islands and in Europe where they were then slaves working in plantations and homes. Cultural aspects such as religious beliefs, language, art cultural beliefs among others were a result exchanged between the people who were involved in the trade. For people to agree upon the transactions, there was the need to devise a language that would facili tate the trade. The Creole English is an example of the language devised to enable the trading in the Atlantic slave trade (Aksel, 1941, p.28). Intermarriages that either came during that period or afterwards involved communities. Further, it encouraged cultural exchange.Advertising We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on Cultural Exchange via trade in the sixteenth century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More By considering the manner in which traders interacted in the trade routes that existed in the sixteenth century and the nature of the circumstances during the period, it becomes clear that trade played a significant part in enhancing cultural exchange between people of diverse ethnicities. People adopted new ways of living and new religions because of the interactions they made while trading. Annotated Bibliography Aksel, C. (1941). â€Å"Dutch Trade to the Baltic about 1600.† Journal of culture, 23(1), 1-100 . The journal article describes the Dutch trade of 1600 and compares it to other major trade activities of the period. The trade activities described in this article contributed to the birth of new cultural activities that came as a way of facilitating the trade. The article is relevant in this study in that it explains how the integration of some cultural values led to the emergence of new cultures which is highlighted in the study. Bentley, J., Ziegler, H., Streets, H. (2008). Traditions and encounters: A brief global history. New York: McGraw Hill. This book gives an account of how different traditions were passed from one society to the other through human interactions. Trading activities form part of these interactions. The book is important in this study in that it portrays the ways in which different people from different ethnic entities adopted new cultures through trade encounters. Clark, S. (1999). Trade and Empire. London: Zed Books. Clark examines how trading activities in the 16th century influenced in the strengthening of existing kingdoms. The book gives details of the spread of forms of government such as democracy to different regions. The form of government and leadership ideologies as elaborated in this book are cultural aspects. This book is used is relevant in this study since it shows how cultural values passed from one society to the next via trade help build the empires.Advertising Looking for annotated bibliography on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More De Vries, J, (1976). â€Å"The Economy of Europe in an Age of Crisis, 1600-1750.† Journal of Economics, 34(4), 12. The journal article analyses how the different trading activities in which European nations were involved in the 16th and 17th Century contributed to the shaping of the counties economies. Rather than the physical trading commodities, the trades enabled the exchange of ideologies in either written form or oral, which helped in the governance of the nations. The article is important in this study since it considers trade as being the major thing that necessitated these beneficial interactions Pirenne, H. (1987). â€Å"The Place of trade in the Cultural History of Medieval Europe.† Economic History Review, 2(1), 72. Pirenne Henri in this article analyses the role played by trade in the Medieval Europe. It is through trade activities that inter-marriages occurred, languages, art and religious beliefs spread. In this study, the article helps strengthening the claim that trade was among the major interactions that enhanced cultural exchange in Europe and other parts of the world. Sanders, T., Nelson, S., Morillo, S., Ellenberger, N. (2006). Encounters in world history:  Sources and themes from the global post volume one: to 1500. New York: McGraw Hill. This book gives an evaluation of how various interactions led to the spread of some cultures. One of the major ways in which people interacted as portrayed in this book was through trade. The book is important in that it shows the ways in which trade enabled the exchange of cultural values. Van Tielhof, M. (2002). The Mother of all Trades: The Baltic Grain Trade from the Late Sixteenth to the Early Nineteenth Century. Leiden: Brill. The book describes the Baltic grain trade of the sixteenth century and provides a proof why people consider it the most important trade involving the Netherlands. This trade had other added benefits such as the adoption of beneficial cultural values from othe r societies that practiced them. The book is important in this study since it helps in the understanding of how cultural values are passed through trading interactions.

Political science Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Political science - Term Paper Example Already, the resources of this earth are dwindling and climate change is a reality that is descending upon us. However, I would like to expand the author’s statement of risks and say that the problem is not only environmental – it is also about poverty and exploitation. The whole range of social problems should be addressed as well, to ensure that globalization can lead to truly humane outcomes. I would like to focus on the assumption in the second essay stating that and I quote, â€Å"the most beneficial aspect of a globalized world economy is the reluctance to wage war among participating nations†. On the contrary, there is still the likelihood and potentiality for war, as in cases wherein a state wants to obtain the resources of another because it is beneficial to its economy: for example, waging war against Iraq for oil. Also, even assuming that world wars are prevented, civil wars and domestic insurgencies still present a threat. Because globalization worsens poverty in developing regions and poverty breeds insurgency and unrest, violence is still not abated. Indeed, it might be more invisible – but nevertheless real – forms of violence. I disagree with the third essay and the logic it advances that globalization is a medium and facilitator of global warming, terrorism, and the like, and because it is so, it is the infrastructure with which solutions and strategies to combat this can be implemented. This paints a picture of globalization as a field of equal players, were asymmetries in relationships are unheard of. In truth, globalization is about powerful players and weak players, where powerful players extract concessions from the weak players, to the detriment of the latter. Moreover, it is interesting that the author compared the US and Germany – both wealthy countries. Comparative advantage should be studied against the template of a rich country-poor country

Civil Litigation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Civil Litigation - Case Study Example How come the two teachers were negligent, and where were they when this started happening. What is the parent's viewpoint on the entire episode The viewpoint and thoughts of Trevor's parents Trevor's reaction to the episode, Shane's reaction Shane's statement of the incident. The expression of calamity is termed with the situation which involves an occurrence that merely took place haphazardly, by probability, or else because of the fact that somebody was not careful. The dictum that damage had been done unintentionally together with a false notion that nothing was done in terms of action to avoid the occurrence. Nearly all the injuries, in these cases are projected as being unnecessary. For instance, if a kid surges off the monkey bars and as a consequence gets a broken arm or a broken leg, he/she may perhaps have done so as the blocks were too remote not together for a youthful individual his/her age moreover the school did not confine the treatment. He/she might not have broken an arm or a broken leg if he/she had fallen on an adequate, impact gripping surface as an alternative of blacktop (Nakpodia, 2007). A tort within law specifies to a national disaster in addition to the word tort is a Norman French word concerning a mistaken event. It is a transgression for which an offended individual can bring the proceedings in court to recover damages against those who committed them. This is for the reason that nearly all of the cases ensuing from school actions fit in to the group of civil events. During a paper obtainable within the substitute Law Journal, Barbara (1996) dealt with an only some inferences of the United Kingdom's Children Act. The experts requested how the innermost standard primary the legislation, that of protection the assurance of the family, may perhaps be met with the limited resources available to the pertinent local establishment within the period of privatization as well as financial rationalism. A lot of aspects of care as well as protection in relative to the associations are hereditarily challenging within the tort incident for the reason that they are so set as ide reliant. They as a result fall tainted of the uncertain dissimilarity guiding principle and operational pronouncements formulated in quite a lot of chief cases. This has been a major theme within negligence law. There is a number of testified incidents within the school arrangement that the amounts to gross negligence on the part of the teachers and/or school heads. A most important feature is who fails to make available for an enough concord for the administration of the school's measures, e.g. morning assemblage, closing, supplementary activities furthermore so forth, may perhaps be held responsible for tort of carelessness if tragedy occurs(Orr, 1995). This case typified need of high job care on the fraction of the principal, in that way risking the children's right to the fortification of livelihood as well as chattels. A serious appraisal of the anthology of activities which children tend to engage themselves beneath the sponsorship of the

HUMAN RIGHTS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HUMAN RIGHTS - Essay Example What are Human Rights? Human Rights can broadly be defined as a set of various international norms that have been designed to help in the protection of all people all over the world from any form of severe social, legal and political abuses. Common examples of human rights generally include the right of an individual not to face any torture, the right to have freedom of religion as well as the undeniable right for one to have affair trial in the event that they happen to be charged with a crime (Orend 2002). The main sources of the current versions of human rights include the International Bill of Rights which emerged as the United Nations, 1948b Universal Declaration of Human Rights and various treaties and human rights documents (Mcneill, St. Clair and St. Clair 2009). Various human rights treaties such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) have resorted to creating various treaty bodies to help them effectively monitor the implementation and compliance of these treat ies (Orend 2002). How and why did Human Rights Enter the International Political Process since WWII? After the horrors that were witnessed during the Second World War, there was a broad consensus that emerged at the international level that was keen in demanding that the individual human being should essentially be placed under the protection of the international community. The atrocities that had been committed against certain specific ethic groups as a result of anarchy had shown that it was possible for national governments to gravely fail to protect their citizen’s liberty and lives. As such, since it had been established that the provision of protective mechanisms at the domestic level alone was not enough to provide enough sufficiently stable safeguards, it was thus necessary to entrust the planned new world organization with the role of guaranteeing the enforcement of human rights on a universal scale. Some Latin American countries requested that a full code of human r ights be included in the United Nations Charter at the 1945 San Francisco conference so as to promote the Universalism of these rights. Due to various time constraints it was not possible for the motion to successful at that stage. The commission on Human Rights created a draft of the International Bill of Rights and drafted the Universal Declaration of Human rights, which was adopted by the General Assembly on December 10th, 1948. This Declaration of Human Rights and two UN international treaties are what are collectively commonly referred to as the International Bill of Human Rights (Mcneill, St. Clair and St. Clair 2009). What has Changed about the Character of International Relations since WWII Since the end of the Second World War, there have been rampant changes in the nature and content of international relations. Some of these changes include the fact that the politico-geographic setting of the world has undergone major changes. This factor has been further emphasized by dec olonization that lead to the materialization of an enlarged number of new Sovereign nations that seek to assert themselves in the international community of nations (Fry 2002). After the Second World War, the number of nations that where members of the U.N. was seen to increase from 51

Understanding contesting claims about the pork barrel issue Essay Example for Free

Understanding contesting claims about the pork barrel issue Essay The talk started with the historical background of Priority Development Assistance Fund. It was truly insightful as I have come to learn when and how it was created. It was surprising to know the total amount of the PDAF that legislators get. I don’t think it is very reasonable for them to get that high amount. I stand with those who are pro to the abolition of PDAF since I learned and came to realize that the role of the legislators are to make laws. Why would they need 200 Million to make laws, they definitely use the fund they get for their own benefits. It was also said in the talk that they get kickbacks to every project they would create or start. I dont know how they can live without conscience because of the millions of pesos they steal from the hard work earned money of ordinary Filipino citizens. If the money was properly used we would probably have a better life in our country now. There would be lesser people who experience poverty. If that money was properly used our country would have been more progressive. I am fuming mad for every political leaders who runs for position just to steal millions of money that is supposedly for the betterment of the citizens of our country and our country itself. The money would have been used to address many problems in health, housing, education, agriculture or even national security. It is sad that those type of leaders get elected because of many citizens of our country do not vote wisely or their vote was bought or there was a fraud in the elections. Those political leaders who seek to steal money from the hardworking citizens should be jailed and suffer for the consequence they did. The talk served as an awakening to us students to the reality of politics. The political leaders should do their jobs properly because the ones who suffer from their wrong doings are the ordinary citizens of our country because they don’t get and enjoy the benefits they should have received.

Property investment decision making

Property investment decision making Introduction and background Within the process of property investment decision-making, increasing attention to the relationship between sustainability and business growth. The terms ‘sustainability refers to the relationship between environment protection and the economic development related with the industry society (Ratcliffe et al, 2009). As well as, property industry is considering of the business development with responsibility of social and environment. Furthermore, the increasing demands for property assts and investment opportunities that comply with the principle of sustainable development. This concept also discussed by McNamara (2005) the environmental friendly building will become more desirable property asset in future years even if it is not reflected in their current value. Therefore, sustainability development is taking in to account of the real estate company business context. Interestingly, Prudential Property Investment Manager Limited (PRUPIM) is the global real estate management company with over  £15billion of assets in more than 800 properties. In 2007, the company introduced ‘Sustainable Development: A Framework for Decision Making which targeted to minimise the business risk and maximise the market opportunities (Moore, 2007). Leads to the main proposal of the report as following; To analyse PRUIM Sustainability Development Framework in the UK real estate market focusing upon business park development. To critically review the Sustainability Development Framework in relation to the portfolio management of PRUPIM. To critically evaluate the Sustainability Development Framework in terms of, environmental scale of development and impact on the investment portfolio. To provide recommendations on improving PRUPIM portfolio in order to competitive advantage in UK real estate market. In particular, area of study in the business park portfolio at The Green Park in Reading and The Oxford Science Park in Oxford by using the interview with two (2) expertises in real estate investment and the academic published literatures. The chapter 1 of this report provides the published literatures review which concerned to sustainability development. The report focuses on the principle of triple bottom line to emphasise the correlation of economical, environmental and social within the sustainability development of real estate portfolio. Furthermore, the author adopted the sustainability development criteria (Sayce et al, 2004) to align the assessment of sustainable development framework of PRUPIM. Furthermore, the author provides business analysis of PRUPIM sustainability development framework by using PESTLE analysis. As well as, to identify the critical success factors of the sustainability framework by using Key Performance Index. In addition, the evaluation of PRUPIM sustainability framework in term of environmental, social and economic context this will be mention on Chapter 2. The chapter 3 of the report provides recommendation in order to short to intermediate term and long term to implementation the sustainability development framework for PRUPIM in further project investment. CHAPTER 1 Sustainability and Real Estate Portfolio Emerging of ‘Sustainability to ‘Sustainable Development Sustainability has become crucial environmental discussions. When an environmental issueis debated in the media, there is frequently a quotation from a scientist or an environmental activist saying that the trend in question is â€Å"unsustainable†. The idea of sustainability becomes crucial nowadays. Regarding to, it is much more powerful rhetorically than an idea like being â€Å"environmental friendly† (Dresner, 2002).Concept of sustainability was likely formed by the World Council of Churched in 1974 in the report of Ecumenical Study Conference on Science and Technology for Human Development (World Council of Churched, 1974). The environmentalist proposed for response to developing world objection to concerning to the environment when human being in many parts of the world suffers from lack of food and unemployment. Therefore, the concept of sustainable development was put forward by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in 1980 (I nternational of Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1980). Furthermore, sustainability issue within the real estate industry has been examined by a number of authors. Pivo and McNamara (2005) defined sustainability and the concept of responsibility property investment (RPI) as to maximize the positive effects and minimize the negative effects of property ownership, management and development on the social order and the natural environment in a way that is consistent with investor satisfactions and reliable responsibilities. Francesco and Levy (2008) also examined this definition within the others literature, the term â€Å"sustainability† might be viewed as providing a framework for adopting investment principle which provide correlation to the economic, social and the natural environments that effectively utilise resources for the current and future generations. As a consequence, sustainability considers the three main elements of economic accomplishment, social development and environmental friendly. With respect of, the social environment, the emphasis is on changing the behaviour of real estate market participants to become more aware of day-today sustainable living. As a result, sustainability is significantly important for over thirty years the concept has been developed by the scientists, the environmentalists and the social activists. At the initial stage of the discussion in sustainability concept was generated to the awareness of the quality of life for human being, which related to the social welfare and standardise of living of the future generation. Moreover, sustainability in real estate business has been developed under the circumstance of economic growth, environment protection and social wealth consideration to maximising benefits and minimising negative impact to the building owners, developers, and occupiers in term of society responsibility and environmental friendly. Moving forward to the term of ‘sustainability development according to, Dresner (2002), has been discussed sustainability and sustainable development finally came to prominences in 1987, when the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development published the Brundtland report which identified the way to square the circle of competing demands for environmental protection and economical development through out the new scheme of ‘sustainable development. The summary of the Brundtland report in 1987 has been defined sustainable development as ‘meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs needs (Dresner, 2002). Interestingly, Sayce et al., (2004) also have discussed the term of sustainable development became significantly important topic for many governments over the 20th century, following, the Rio de Janeiro declaration in 1992. In this summit, the represent of many countries across the world signed the agreement of principle of sustainable development and actions at international, national and local level. The global agenda is a set of eight main principles that governments should be certify; The fundamental of human rights to the environmental that is sufficient to people healthy and well-being; The preservation and proper use of the environment and built environment that profit to current and future generations; The encouragement of bio-diversity to ensure eco-system protection; The monitoring of environmental standards and publication of related information; The prior evaluation of environmental impacts from the development projects; The all individuals are informed of planned activities and given right to justice; The conservation is integrated to the planning and implementation of development activities; The co-ordination with other state towards mutual implementation. Additionally, Sayce et al., (2004) has been examined the eight principles of sustainable development in scale of the continental and country level as the European Union and the United Kingdom. According to, the Agenda 21 from the Rio 1992 summit. The plan for completing the sustainability development in business as the sets of great challenges for everyone and in this mean time, a combination of governmental legislation, political pressure and increased awareness on the part of the public, places the onus on all professional people to conduct their business in such a way that it does not conflict with the ambition of UK government to promote sustainable development. Sustainable development affects to all those concerned with the creation and maintenance of the built environment. The essence of sustainable development requires that in all development activity, due account is taken of both the short and long term of the activity for all those affected. The professionals in this field h ave a unique opportunity and obligation, whether they are developers, planning advisers, architects, contractors, building surveyors, property agents or investors. One of the key decisions for buildings that have implications for sustainable development is whether to demolish or retain an existing building. Economically, the decision may seem relatively simple but if the principle of sustainable development as to adopted, the implications become more complex the UK, Sustainable Development Strategy does not mean having less economic development: on the contrary, a healthy economy is better able to generate the resources to meet peoples needs and new investment and environmental improvement often go hand in hand†¦. What it requires is that decisions throughout society are taken with proper regard to their environmental impact. More recently, sustainability development relevance to social responsibility in real estate investment in term of, Social Responsibility Property Investment: SRPI. The property investors have become to be attentive of more ethical and environmental protection in the business development (Rapson et al., 2007). The fundamental of developing built environment to sustainable development required well-documented and becoming to increasingly well-recognised along the property community (Pivo and McNamara, 2005; WWF and Insight Investment, 2005; Morley Fund Management Ltd, 2005). Particularly, the commercial sustainability development implications the developers shall be determine the term of development location, the re-use of land, environmental reservation and â€Å"green buildings design† either to, the practices, method and materials employed (Keeping and Shiers, 2004) The progress forward to sustainability in real estate portfolio to date has mostly been downward to the work of architects and engineers on the development and construction part. On the other hand, there have BREEAM and the â€Å"Green Guide† series taken the responsibility to the production of new material of construction and the design as well as, the assessment criteria of sustainable development in property business (Rapson et al., 2007). According to McNamara (2005) cited in Rapson et al., (2007) has been discussed sustainability development have been developed from the circle of problem in the real estate and construction business between engineers or architect, developers, investors and occupiers. Sustainability development could be based on the development from technical knowledge, energy efficient factors and ethical in the business to the persuasion the developers and the investors to realize and interest in the business strategy. In summary, sustainability has been established over three decade from the group of people those concern to environmentally protection and well-being in the community. From the globalization agreement moved forward to continental scale and government policy of sustainable development. The term sustainability and sustainable development have been examined by a number of authors. In contract, Sustainable development has been developed from conflict in the cycle of real estate and construction. Next section will be explained why sustainability development is significantly important in the UK. Why sustainable development has taken placed in UK real estate and construction business? As Sayce et al., 2004 has been discussed the reason why sustainable development taking into account of real estate and construction. According to, the property and construction industry is significantly important to the UK economy and realisations the buildings have been relevance to all activities take place. People in the UK spent over half of their lives inside buildings. The good quality of work place should be affected the performance of the workers in theirs building and leads into the business growth as the result of sustainable development. Furthermore, construction industry is significantly important to indicate the wealth of the UKs annuals GDP. The report, ‘Construction in the UK economy: The Benefits of Investment (CBI, 2009) illustrated that sustainability development in construction and real estate industry is the best sector for stimulating employment. According to, every  £1 spent on construction business could be generated in the UK GDP growth to  £2.84, as the spending not only creates construction output worth  £1, but also stimulates growth elsewhere in the economy worth  £1.Consequently, the relationship between sustainable development in real estate and construction industry in the UK and the other parts of the economy, as well as, its crucial contribution to the numerous other social and economic contexts including the regional development and employment. The construction and real estate industry as a whole has to increase the attention into the broader environmental and social agenda. That this, presented by the concept of sustainable development regarding to the built environment affects to all human activities (Curwell and Cooper, 1998). Additionally, in 1999, the Kyoto Protocol is an agreement made under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. In 1999, targets were agreed worldwide on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions; the target for the European Union was to reduce emissions to 8 per cent below 1990 levels by 2008-2012 (DTI, 2004).The UK has set itself the goal of reducing the gas emissions by 8-12 per cent by 2010 with respect of the global agreements, sustainability has been highlight on the UK government policy. Later on the same year in 1999, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has been published the strategy document ‘A better quality of life: Strategy for Sustainable De velopment for the United Kingdom (Tucker et al., 2009). The report is focused on social development in order to, recognize the needs of everyone, environmental protection, carefully use of natural resources and maintain the high level of economic growth and employment (DEFRA, 1999). The department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions: DETR (2000) also introduced the regulations to monitoring real estate and construction sectors to achieve of more sustainable development. The main proposes for more profitable and competitive, delivery customers satisfaction and value added by provide the sustainability building, with respect to create maximization of shareholder wealth. As well as, enhancing and protecting environmental and natural resources. And minimizing the impact of energy consumption particularly, carbon-based and natural resources. As a result, sustainable development has been contributed from three main contents in term of social, environmental and economic growth. The following section would be presented the significantly important of sustainability development in the equity of society, environment and economy principle. The triple bottom line principle (TBL) With the advent of sustainability development paradigm in real estate sector, corporations is become to move into economic conception of responsibility and influence the business strategy in response to environmental protection and changing society expectation (Robinson, 2000). Interestingly, Sayce et al., (2004, p.3) stated in building sustainability in balance of TBL principle as ‘The sustainable development context has three main aspects to be concern in term of Economic, Environmental and Social. The balance of these three elements is said to comply with the principle of the triple bottom line (TBL). Increasingly, corporate bodies are adopting TBL principle in developing their business activities. This is partly in response to legislative imperatives and partly due to an increasing realisation that compliance with and promotion of social and environmental well-being is good for business . In term of, economic factor refers to financial viability. These include issues of competitiveness advantage, employment, market development and long-term profitability. Economic sustainability is increasingly implicit of value added creation in broader rather than conventional financial accounting. Economical and financial aspects of sustainability development therefore, may be encompassing to decrease operations costs along the management system and emerging the new market through rigorous business integrity policies. As well as, increase productivity and high performance from a motivated workforce and workplace. And attract a new investor by offering opportunity in social responsible investment (ICC, 2002) As Jamali (2006) has been investigated environmental issues in sustainability development is focused on the impact from business activities to natural system, ecology system, and natural resources for instance, land, air and water. The responsible in environmental engage to comply with government regulations. In generally, the sustainable development in environmentally context also concerned to initiative of recycling and energy efficient. And it has been involved a comprehensive approach to a companys operations, products and that including the business product assessment, operations processes and services. Furthermore sustainability development in environmental point of view is focused on eliminating waste from the property during the under construction period until the project completion and hand-over to the customers; maximizing the efficiency and productivity of all assets and resources; and minimizing practice that might be negatively affect the natural resources for the future generations. The social element is become to corporate sustainability in term of centralize on the impact of the organization on the social activities. Particularly in the real estate sectors, social responsibility expectation of diverse groups either, internal and external stakeholders. As well as interest groups comprising civil society are actually considered and skillfully balanced. The social bottom line incorporated topics for instance, public health, society issues, public controversies, education and training, social justice, workplace safety, working environmental, human rights, equal opportunity and labour rights (Jamali, 2006). Therefore, sustainability is crucial in the property company business strategy to being balance between economic growth and the responsibility of environmental and social performance over the long term. Notwithstanding the compelling principle of TBL, the economic performance in the property company is controversial issues of its reliability and sustainability g rowth and thus as fundamentally element of the corporate social responsibility (CSR). However, to become social responsibility is increasingly understood to both involvement the environmental stewardship and concern to social activities (Windsor, 2001). Therefore, the challenge facing to the property company nowadays to becoming considered the principle of triple bottom line as a whole for generate and develop the business strategy in order to complying the sustainable development. Hence, the criteria assessment of sustainability development is essentially focus topics. The following section would be examined the sustainable development criteria from the published literature and leads to assessment the existing sustainable development framework of PRUPIM in chapter 2.